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From January 5 to December 31, 2011, he has served as the “Representative on combating racism, xenophobia and discrimination, with a special focus on discrimination against Christians and members of other religions” of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). He is a member of the editorial board for the Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion and of the executive board of University of California Press’ Nova Religio. He was the main author of the Enciclopedia delle religioni in Italia (Encyclopedia of Religions in Italy).
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Introvigne is the author of some 70 books and more than 100 articles in the field of sociology of religion. He is the founder and managing director of the Center for Studies on New Religions ( CESNUR), an international network of scholars who study new religious movements. Massimo Introvigne (born Jin Rome) is an Italian sociologist of religions. A significant part of these refugees lives in camps, often in difficult conditions, notwithstanding the help of Indian and international charities. The situation in Sindh has resulted in a continuous influx of Sindhi refugees from Pakistan into India, where there was already a large community of Sindhi Hindus, more than 700,000 of whom had escaped to India after the Partition. One such case happened in Quetta, where a temple located near the Government Sandeman High School for Boys was converted into a science laboratory. The SAC also mentions that in 2020 the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan visited Sindh, and found evidence that Hindu temples had been confiscated by the local authorities and used for non-religious purposes. Some of the victims belong to the lowest caste, the Dalit, and the report focuses on the sad condition of Dalits and other Hindus subject to bonded labor (theoretically illegal in Pakistan) and to what it describes as “informal apartheid.” Many of the girls who are raped or abducted, the report says, belong to these bonded laborers families. Reviewing cases of past years, the SAC report mentions that even a six-year-old Hindu girl was raped in the town of Ghulam Nabi Shah. She had been raped in 2019 and her rapists, who had been freed on bail awaiting their trial, were harassing and threatening her.
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On September 30, 2020, a 17-year-old Hindu girl called Momal Meghwar jumped into a well in Dalan-Jo-Tarr village in Tharparkar district and died. In the well-known case of medical student Namrita Chandani, who was found dead in September 2019, a judicial panel concluded that she had committed suicide after she had been raped-her family, however, believes she was murdered. There have been also cases of Hindu girls who have been raped, some of whom have committed suicide. SAC reports that, “Hindu girls who have been forced into such marriages rarely get justice and the perpetrators of the crime go unpunished due to strong political influence of religious lobbyists and networks whose leaders are also members of the Parliament and include influential clerics.” A draft law that would have raised the minimum age for marriage to 18 nationwide, including in Punjab, also met with opposition.Ībductions and forced marriages continue. However, opposition by Muslim religious parties killed a bill that would have made conversion of minors a crime in Sindh. To their credit, some local legislators tried to act against this practice, whose victims may be as many as 1,000 girls every year. However, abducted Hindu (and Christian) girls are either submitted to common law marriages under sharia law, or transported to the nearby province of Punjab, where the minimum age of marriage is lower. The most serious problem is the rape, and abduction followed by forced conversion to Islam and marriage to Muslim men, of Hindu girls, “often underage.” Marriage in Sindh is illegal when it involves persons under the age of 18. Department of Justice, focuses among other issues on the violence perpetrated against the Hindu community in the second largest province of Pakistan by population, Sindh. Report calls the situation of Hindus “informal apartheid,” as rapes and abductions continue.īy Massimo Introvigne Sindhi refugees in India (from Facebook)Ī group of South Asian human rights group, the South Asia Collective (SAC), in a report available through the Web site of the U.S.